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1. Snort Overview
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SNORTUsers Manual 2.8.6
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SNORTUsers Manual 2.8.6
Contents
1. Snort Overview
1.1 Getting Started
1.2 Sniffer Mode
1.3 Packet Logger Mode
1.4 Network Intrusion Detection System Mode
1.4.1 NIDS Mode Output Options
1.4.2 Understanding Standard Alert Output
1.4.3 High Performance Configuration
1.4.4 Changing Alert Order
1.5 Inline Mode
1.5.1 Snort Inline Rule Application Order
1.5.2 Replacing Packets with Snort Inline
1.5.3 Installing Snort Inline
1.5.4 Running Snort Inline
1.5.5 Using the Honeynet Snort Inline Toolkit
1.5.6 Troubleshooting Snort Inline
1.6 Miscellaneous
1.6.1 Running Snort as a Daemon
1.6.2 Running in Rule Stub Creation Mode
1.6.3 Obfuscating IP Address Printouts
1.6.4 Specifying Multiple-Instance Identifiers
1.7 Reading Pcaps
1.7.1 Command line arguments
1.7.2 Examples
1.8 Tunneling Protocol Support
1.8.1 Multiple Encapsulations
1.8.2 Logging
1.9 More Information
2. Configuring Snort
2.1 Includes
2.1.1 Format
2.1.2 Variables
2.1.3 Config
2.2 Preprocessors
2.2.1 Frag3
2.2.2 Stream5
2.2.3 sfPortscan
2.2.4 RPC Decode
2.2.5 Performance Monitor
2.2.6 HTTP Inspect
2.2.7 SMTP Preprocessor
2.2.8 FTP/Telnet Preprocessor
2.2.9 SSH
2.2.10 DCE/RPC
2.2.11 DNS
2.2.12 SSL/TLS
2.2.13 ARP Spoof Preprocessor
2.2.14 DCE/RPC 2 Preprocessor
2.2.15 Sensitive Data Preprocessor
2.3 Decoder and Preprocessor Rules
2.3.1 Configuring
2.3.2 Reverting to original behavior
2.4 Event Processing
2.4.1 Rate Filtering
2.4.2 Event Filtering
2.4.3 Event Suppression
2.4.4 Event Logging
2.5 Performance Profiling
2.5.1 Rule Profiling
2.5.2 Preprocessor Profiling
2.5.3 Packet Performance Monitoring (PPM)
2.6 Output Modules
2.6.1 alert_syslog
2.6.2 alert_fast
2.6.3 alert_full
2.6.4 alert_unixsock
2.6.5 log_tcpdump
2.6.6 database
2.6.7 csv
2.6.8 unified
2.6.9 unified 2
2.6.10 alert_prelude
2.6.11 log null
2.6.12 alert_aruba_action
2.6.13 Log Limits
2.7 Host Attribute Table
2.7.1 Configuration Format
2.7.2 Attribute Table File Format
2.8 Dynamic Modules
2.8.1 Format
2.8.2 Directives
2.9 Reloading a Snort Configuration
2.9.1 Enabling support
2.9.2 Reloading a configuration
2.9.3 Non-reloadable configuration options
2.10 Multiple Configurations
2.10.1 Creating Multiple Configurations
2.10.2 Configuration Specific Elements
2.10.3 How Configuration is applied?
3. Writing Snort Rules
3.1 The Basics
3.2 Rules Headers
3.2.1 Rule Actions
3.2.2 Protocols
3.2.3 IP Addresses
3.2.4 Port Numbers
3.2.5 The Direction Operator
3.2.6 Activate/Dynamic Rules
3.3 Rule Options
3.4 General Rule Options
3.4.1 msg
3.4.2 reference
3.4.3 gid
3.4.4 sid
3.4.5 rev
3.4.6 classtype
3.4.7 priority
3.4.8 metadata
3.4.9 General Rule Quick Reference
3.5 Payload Detection Rule Options
3.5.1 content
3.5.2 nocase
3.5.3 rawbytes
3.5.4 depth
3.5.5 offset
3.5.6 distance
3.5.7 within
3.5.8 http_client_body
3.5.9 http_cookie
3.5.10 http_raw_cookie
3.5.11 http_header
3.5.12 http_raw_header
3.5.13 http_method
3.5.14 http_uri
3.5.15 http_raw_uri
3.5.16 http_stat_code
3.5.17 http_stat_msg
3.5.18 http_encode
3.5.19 fast_pattern
3.5.20 uricontent
3.5.21 urilen
3.5.22 isdataat
3.5.23 pcre
3.5.24 file_data
3.5.25 byte_test
3.5.26 byte_jump
3.5.27 ftpbounce
3.5.28 asn1
3.5.29 cvs
3.5.30 dce_iface
3.5.31 dce_opnum
3.5.32 dce_stub_data
3.5.33 ssl_version
3.5.34 ssl_state
3.5.35 Payload Detection Quick Reference
3.6 Non-Payload Detection Rule Options
3.6.1 fragoffset
3.6.2 ttl
3.6.3 tos
3.6.4 id
3.6.5 ipopts
3.6.6 fragbits
3.6.7 dsize
3.6.8 flags
3.6.9 flow
3.6.10 flowbits
3.6.11 seq
3.6.12 ack
3.6.13 window
3.6.14 itype
3.6.15 icode
3.6.16 icmp_id
3.6.17 icmp_seq
3.6.18 rpc
3.6.19 ip_proto
3.6.20 sameip
3.6.21 stream_size
3.6.22 Non-Payload Detection Quick Reference
3.7 Post-Detection Rule Options
3.7.1 logto
3.7.2 session
3.7.3 resp
3.7.4 react
3.7.5 tag
3.7.6 activates
3.7.7 activated_by
3.7.8 count
3.7.9 replace
3.7.10 detection_filter
3.7.11 Post-Detection Quick Reference
3.8 Rule Thresholds
3.9 Writing Good Rules
3.9.1 Content Matching
3.9.2 Catch the Vulnerability, Not the Exploit
3.9.3 Catch the Oddities of the Protocol in the Rule
3.9.4 Optimizing Rules
3.9.5 Testing Numerical Values
4. Making Snort Faster
4.1 MMAPed pcap
5. Dynamic Modules
5.1 Data Structures
5.1.1 DynamicPluginMeta
5.1.2 DynamicPreprocessorData
5.1.3 DynamicEngineData
5.1.4 SFSnortPacket
5.1.5 Dynamic Rules
5.2 Required Functions
5.2.1 Preprocessors
5.2.2 Detection Engine
5.2.3 Rules
5.3 Examples
5.3.1 Preprocessor Example
5.3.2 Rules
6. Snort Development
6.1 Submitting Patches
6.2 Snort Data Flow
6.2.1 Preprocessors
6.2.2 Detection Plugins
6.2.3 Output Plugins
6.3 The Snort Team
Bibliography
